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scientists expected the Mars rovers

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spirit and opportunity to run for three

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months three years later the hardy

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Rovers are still operating on opposite

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sides of the Red Planet this is

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opportunities story opportunity was

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blessed with good fortune right from saw

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one all right from the first day because

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when we landed and we took that first

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images from the lander who looked around

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we were in this tiny little crater we

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call an Eagle crater but there was

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exposed bedrock it was just this flat

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sand filled with with a little curb of

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outcrop rock everybody was stunned we

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found bedrock we found Rock attached to

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the planet we went to meridiani planum

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based on a clue of hematite hematite a

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mineral that on earth forms in the

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presence of water liquid water and to

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see it in these blueberries in these

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round sphere yol's strewn across the

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surface that that was the nature of the

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phenotype I don't think anybody

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predicted ahead of time next opportunity

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set a course for endurance crater

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engineers on earth had to teach her to

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drive down hill taking grindings along

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the way they would drive down a few

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meters do a rat hole in the outcrop Arak

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and analyze it for chemicals and so they

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were able to see how the mineral

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composition of the rocks changed as as

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you went further down Mars did have a

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watery past it was episodic and that

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sometimes it was wet and sometimes it

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was drawing you know not unlike the

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we knew six kilometres to the south was

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his giant crater called Victoria Wow six

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kilometres away could we get there take

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this Rover kind of laborious ly work our

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way through this huge maze of ripples to

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get ourselves South to the scientific

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promised land all of a sudden we got to

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one day where we drove over dude and

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stopped for weeks opportunity sat in a

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sand trap engineers rated hardware

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stores to buy materials to simulate a

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Martian sand dune they created a

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technique of maneuvering a few

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centimeters at a time to extract her the

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next big challenge that hit us is the

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robotic arm on opportunity developed a

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degradation and one of its joints now

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when we drive opportunity we have to be

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sure that wherever we're driving her to

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she's going to end up in a place where

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it's safe to take the arm back out even

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with the aging Rovers we've been able to

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after a stop to examine more layered

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outcrops at URI vez greater opportunity

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reached the promised land Victoria I

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think we've gone from Mars being a place

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that star like that's otherworldly of

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the realm of astronomers to a place that

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geologists and climatologists Rome where

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it's a world that works sort of like our

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world as opportunity explores Victoria